![]() Depending on the application requirements, the external carbon source can be gas, liquid or solid. ![]() In the carburizing process, the steel alloy is heated to a high temperature and then exposed to a large amount of carbon on its surface. CarburizationĬarburizing is another form of surface hardening that is widely used to improve the mechanical properties of steel substrates. Nitriding usually requires a lower temperature than heating and quenching, and does not require a quenching process, thereby reducing deformation. This process is effective only when the metal hardens with elements that can form nitrides (such as chromium and molybdenum). Elevated temperature and exposure to nitrogen will promote the formation of nitrides, which are inherently very hard and wear-resistant. This method must use elements such as chromium, molybdenum, and aluminum to form nitrides to harden the surface of steel parts. The depth of the hardened surface depends on how long the steel part stays in the ammonia environment. In this process, steel parts are heated to 484-621☌ in an environment of ammonia and dissociated ammonia. Nitriding is another form of surface hardening technology. For steel or iron materials with carbon content lower than this value, there are other processes, such as nitriding And carburizing. This flame quenching only has a good effect on steel or iron with sufficient carbon content. ![]() In this process, high-carbon steel parts are heated to extreme temperatures by oxygen flame or induction heating, and then the heated carbon steel parts will be quickly cooled by a coolant (usually water). As the name suggests, this metal surface hardening process involves flame or heat. Types of Case Hardening Methods Heating And QuenchingĪlso called flame or induction hardening. During the surface hardening process, lower temperatures are also applied to various metals (such as thin steel layers) during the manufacturing process to prevent deformation. These efficiencies can save a lot of cost in large-scale manufacturing operations.Ĭase hardened parts are very suitable for parts that are in constant contact with hard or abrasive parts, because surface hardened parts are more wear-resistant, and they are usually stronger than parts that have undergone the “though-hardening” procedure, because the core of surface hardened parts is soft, so it can Withstand greater stress without cracking. Compared with the entire cross-section of the metal, less energy and time are required to heat the outermost surface of the metal. There are many reasons for surface hardening a material instead of trying to harden an entire metal object. The shell depth of carbon diffusion can be finely controlled to determine the mechanical properties of the shell. When carbon diffuses from the carbonaceous material on the surface of low-carbon steel or alloy steel into the crystal structure, the strength and hardness of the outer layer will increase sharply. Solid metals contain molecules and atoms that are tightly packed into a crystalline structure. It is a heat treatment process that hardens the surface of the metal part while keeping the inside of the part relatively soft.įor iron or steel with low carbon content, the case hardening procedure usually involves adding additional carbon or nitrogen to the surface. What Is Case Hardening?Ĭase hardening is also called “surface hardening”. The thin layer of alloy is usually harder and more durable than the original metal. In order to ensure that the hardness of the metal substrate is appropriate, some metals change their surface hardness through a method called surface hardening.Ĭase hardening is a technique for improving the durability and appearance of a metal surface, in which the metal surface is reinforced by adding a thin layer on the top surface of another metal alloy. Hardness, the measurement of these properties, is a key consideration when deciding which metal to choose. The ability to withstand wear and indentation are two very important attributes of certain types of metals. ![]()
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